Telephone links between Tonga and the wider world began to be reconnected on Wednesday, though restoring full internet connectivity is likely to take a month or more according to the owner of the archipelago's sole undersea communications cable.
The explosion of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai volcano, which has killed at least three people and sent tsunami waves across the Pacific, knocked out communications around the nation of about 105,000 people on Saturday.
Telecom operator Digicel said late Wednesday local time that it had managed to restore international calling capability, though Reuters was not immediately able to reach numbers in Tonga.
Full network services will not be available until the undersea cable is fixed, Digicel said. A specialist ship is aiming to embark from Port Moresby on a repair voyage over the weekend, said Samiuela Fonua, chairman of cable owner Tonga Cable Ltd.
- 3 dead, many homes destroyed — but Tonga escapes worst-case volcano eruption aftermath
But with eight or nine days' sailing to collect equipment in Samoa, and then an uncertain journey toward the fault in the eruption area, he said it will be "lucky" if the job is done within a month.
"It could be longer than that," he said on the telephone from Auckland, where he has been co-ordinating the repair.
"The cables are actually around the volcanic zone. We don't know … whether they are intact or blown away or stuck somewhere underwater. We don't know if it's buried even deeper."
Tonga's government and the state-owned Tonga Communications Corp. could not be contacted.
Risk of disease
The virtual communications blackout has made relief efforts, already challenged by the COVID-19 pandemic, even more difficult.
Two New Zealand navy vessels will arrive in Tonga on Friday carrying critical water supplies.
Photographs posted on social media revealed more of the devasxjmtzywtation on Wednesday, showing coastal areas where trees and buildings had been swept away and neighbourhoods covered with a thick coating of ash. People worked together to clear the debris and inspect the ruins of their homes.
The Red Cross said its teams in Tonga had confirmed that salt water from the tsunami and volcanic ash were polluting the drinking water of tens of thousands of people.
"Securing access to safe drinking water is a critical immediate priority … as there is a mounting risk of diseases such as cholera and diarrhea," said Katie Greenwood of the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies.
The communications blackout has underscored the vulnerability of the undersea fibre-optic cables that have become the backbone of global telecoms.
The cable was finished in 2018 and boosted Tonga's net speeds more than 30-fold, but is almost its sole link to the wider world.
Attempts to replicate an emergency satellite connection that was set up when the same cable was severed three years ago had stalled amid a contract dispute between the government and Singapore-based satellite operator Kacific.
The United Nations Office for the Co-ordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) said on Tuesday that Tonga was negotiating with Kacific, which has a satellite above the archipelago, to access a satellite internet connection.
Tonga Cable will be expected to pay the U.S. maintenance company SubCom for the repairs. Fonua declined to provide an estimate but said the bill would probably come in below $1 million. "We will settle the cost later," he said.
"There are some other cable companies as well that are willing to provide spare cables," he said, without elaborating.
Tonga will be able to access a $10-million Asian Development Bank relief facility upon request, deputy director general of the ADB's Pacific department, Emma Veve, told Reuters.
